Year 2 Term 1

i. phoneme /ai/

mixed /ai/ phoneme

great play paint flame baby cake snail spray tray train

/ai/ as in great

great break

/ai/ as in baby

shady baby lady

/ai/ as in nail

paint nail rain aim brain train wait snail

/ai/ as in cake

scrape cake flame game same scales late made

/ai/ as in spray

day say play crayon away spray stay way tray

i. phoneme /ee/

mixed /ee/ phoneme

speed these thief team steam street feel field meal

/ee/ as in swede

complete these delete theme swede

/ee/ as in thief

diesel field belief brief chief grief relief thief shield shriek

/ee/ as in tree

need green feel feet sleep screen speed street sweet tree

/ee/ as in beak

team stream steam beak beach heat meal seat

i. phoneme /igh/

mixed /igh/ phoneme

kind pie blind crime slide thigh tight try wild

/igh/ as in fly

reply dry cry fry fly by my sky try why

/igh/ as in kite

slide quite inside line like bike five dislike time white

/igh/ as in night

sigh tight thigh high right night

/igh/ as in pie

pie die tie lie

i. phoneme /oa/

mixed /oa/ phoneme

roll coach told throw stone stroke float coast coal grow hope

/oa/ as in coat

loaf road coal coast coat boat float foam soap coach

/oa/ as in note

pole stroke stone woke rose note hope home hole

/oa/ as in window

grow flow yellow window throw slow show

/oa/ as in toe

toe hoe goes foe woe

/oo/ as in do

into do to who two undo

i. phonemes /(y)oo/ /oo/

mixed /oo/ (food) phoneme

true tooth threw smooth crude blue brute grew

/(y)oo/ as in newt

newt new dew few stew

/(y)oo/ as in cube

tube tune use fuse cube compute

/oo/ as in screw

chew crew drew flew grew threw screw

/oo/ as in flute

June rule rude plume flute crude brute

/oo/ as in boot

boot cool food pool moon soon zoo rooftop too

/oo/ as in blue

untrue true glue blue clue

ii. Adding '-ing' and '-ed' to verbs

'-ing' for typical words

bending costing resting singing sulking standing visiting twisting

'-ed' for typical words

looked aimed lifted melted puffed growled jumped asked

'-ing' for words ending in e

caring hoping moving writing baking slicing braking diving

'-ed' for words ending in e

lived used bored hoped moved amused dared dated

-'ing' for single consonant ending

digging getting grinning hopping jogging writing swimming planning

'-ed' for single consonant ending

stopped slammed sunned hopped nodded preferred

'-ing' for words ending in y

carrying frying drying crying tidying

'-ed' for words ending in y

replied denied dried cried hurried fried

Year 2 Term 2

i. Compound words

High-frequency compound words

everyone everybody everything nobody anyone anybody someone something anywhere nowhere

Compound words

outside birthday earthquake dustbin greenhouse downstairs football waterfall weekend paintbrush farmyard inside

ii. Adding suffixes to form plurals

Add '-s' for typical nouns

legs pins beds chips toys boys dogs cards ears

Change y to i and add 'es'

armies stories ponies cities families babies puppies

ii. Adding suffixes to form adjectives

Add '-ful' to form adjective

powerful harmful beautiful careful faithful useful grateful hopeful peaceful cheerful

Add '-y' to form adjective

spotty shady funny shiny tasty foggy greedy messy dirty lucky

Add '-less' to form adjective

aimless careless pointless effortless senseless restless

Year 2 Term 3

i. 'un' and 'dis' prefixes

Use 'un-' to show negative

unsafe unwanted untrue unwell untidy unfair undo untwist

Use 'dis-' to show neagative

disconnect distrust disappear disagree dislike disease disloyal disorder

ii. Multisyllabic words

Multisyllabic words 1

cheerful pretending fanciful unwanted something another however powerful truthful colourful

Multisyllabic words 2

standing uncertain together happily disagree tomorrow merciful grandfather winning

Year 3 Term 1

i. '-le' endings

'-ckle' endings

pickled tickles trickles buckle

'-able' endings

unstable enable table breakable enjoyable cable

double letter + 'le'

dribble cuddle apple bottle bubble little middle

'-cle' endings

circle cycle obstacle uncle miracle bicycle

'-dle' endings

poodle bundle ladle sidle cradle candle handle

'-ble' endings

double grumble trouble able

'-ible' endings

visible sensible impossible invisible

'-ple' endings

simple triple purple example

ii. Verb endings

'-s' like most verbs

works looks starts needs plays cooks

'-ing' like most verbs

happening limiting targeting visiting carpeting

'-ed' like most verbs

waited rained shouted jumped sailed painted rested

'-s' verb ends in 1 consonant

trots flaps laps wags

'-ing' verb ends in 1 consonant

hopping digging getting swimming rubbing

'-ed' verb ends in 1 consonant

grabbed hopped sunned slammed knitted nodded

'-ies' verb ends in consonant 'y'

cries carries worries tries

'-ing' verb ends in consonant 'y'

crying gratifying tidying carrying

'-ied' verb ends in consonant 'y'

dried hurried cried worried fried married buried

'-s' verb ends in 'e'

tickles uses lives likes

'-ing' verb ends in 'e'

hoping moving caring coming writing

'-ed' verb ends in e

moved droned hoped amused dared lived

'-es' verb ends in hiss or buzz

washes searches watches fixes

'-ing' verb ends in hiss or buzz

munching washing stitching mixing touching

'-ed' verb ends in hiss or buzz

flashed snatched perched switched crashed dressed reached

irregular past tenses

woke went swam taught told did came caught said grew blew sang wept found spoke

Year 3 Term 2

i. Rules for plurals

add 's' like most nouns

toes twins dogs birds bones bricks apples

noun ends in a hiss or buzz

matches kisses brushes coaches boxes

noun ends in a vowel then 'y'

boys guys toys keys monkeys ways trays

noun ends in consonant then 'y'

ponies stories cities daisies families babies puppies pennies

ii. '-er' '-est' comparatives

comparatives '-er' typical

older longer higher deeper taller smaller

comparatives '-est' typical

tallest oldest deepest highest longest smallest

comparatives '-er' -e words

later fiercer larger whiter simpler

comparatives '-est' -e words

latest fiercest simplest largest whitest

comparatives '-er' short vowels

bigger hotter redder

comparatives '-est short vowels

reddest biggest hottest

comparatives '-er' -y words

healthier happier funnier easier

comparatives '-est' -y words

happiest funniest easiest healthiest

ii. '-ly' '-ful' '-less' '-able' suffixes

'-ly' suffixes

cowardly beastly motherly friendly unfriendly lonely bodily

'-ful' suffixes

faithful powerful useful spoonful armful mouthful colourful hopeful

'-less' suffixes

restless effortless pointless breathless careless senseless aimless

'-able' suffixes

reasonable enjoyable drinkable acceptable breakable comfortable renewable

'-er' as in builder

defender helper announcer builder farmer cleaner composer

Year 3 Term 3

i. Pronouns

subject pronouns I, she etc.

he she they we you it I

object pronouns me, him etc.

her you us them him it me

possessive pronouns mine etc.

ours theirs hers mine yours

reflexive pronouns myself etc.

myself yourself herself himself itself

possessive determiners my etc.

its their your our my his her

demonstratives

that these this those

ii. Common prefixes

'de-' undo

dethrone defrost decode decamp deforested

'dis-' as negative

disconnect distrust disease dislike disagree disappear disorder

'pre-' before

preschool prehistoric prepacked precooked prefix

're-' do again

renew rehouse replay review replace

'un-' as an opposite

uncertain uncertain unfair unfair unfriendly unfriendly unwell untrue unwell unknown unknown untidy untidy untrue unsafe unsafe

'non-' not

nonconformist nondescript nonentity nonplussed

'anti-' against

anticlimax anticlockwise antidote antifreeze antiseptic

'mis-' do wrongly

mistreat misunderstood misuse mishap mislead misprint misspell mistimed

prefixes for words ending in '-ed'

precooked prepacked deforested uncovered

ii. Add prefixes to existing words

add 'anti-' to make a new word

anti-noise anti-rust anti-work anti-wrinkle

add 'ex-' to make a new word

ex-boyfriend ex-convict ex-serviceman ex-king ex-parrot ex-egg

add 'pre-' to make a new word

pre-punched pre-Roman pre-book

add 'pro-' to make a new word

pro-British pro-hunting pro-fitness pro-cycling

Year 4 Term 1

i. Homophones

long phoneme /ai/

rain reign wait weigh way weight great grate rein

long phoneme /air/

bare stare stair their there pear pair bear

long phoneme /ee/

flea flee meat meet reed peace piece read

long phoneme /oa/

loan lone sew rowed road so

spellings of /ole/

whole hold hole bold soul sole holed bowled

long phoneme /or/

board bored saw four for sore

phoneme /n/

knew knight knot night new not no know

phoneme /r/

rap right ring write wrap wring

phoneme /s/

licence license practise cereal serial practice

vowel phonemes

you're wood peace piece would your some threw through sum

consonant phonemes

right no one new knew hole wear where whole write know won

3-way homophones

they're too two there their to

ii. Rules for plurals

baby > babies

cities daisies families ponies stories babies pennies puppies

monkey > monkeys

boys guys keys monkeys toys trays ways

half > halves

shelves thieves wolves wives loaves halves knives

kiss > kisses

matches kisses boxes coaches brushes

hero > heroes

cargoes dominoes echoes heroes potatoes tomatoes volcanoes

kilo > kilos

kilos photos pianos radios solos videos

irregular plurals

women feet mice men geese teeth lice sheep salmon children

simply add 's' to make a plural

balloons animals birds fireworks chips beds chiefs roofs

Year 4 Term 2

i. Words with common letter strings

sounds of 'ough'

bough cough dough enough rough thorough thought through tough

sounds of 'ear'

hear bear fear earth learn wear spear

sounds of 'igh'

light height weight bright fight eight fright knight right night

ii. Suffixes change function of words

to verbs ('-ate', '-en', '-ify', '-ise')

strengthen circulate beautify glorify vaccinate lengthen fossilise idolise itemise

to nouns ('-tion', 'ity', '-ness')

reality generosity activity subtraction readiness happiness creation education kindness darkness

ii. Change words adding '-ible', '-able'

'-ible'

responsible irresistible sensible flexible terrible reversible collapsible digestible accessible

'-able'

variable renewable comfortable irreplaceable disposable breakable acceptable reasonable

ii. Suffixes '-al', '-ary', '-ic', '-ist'

'-ic'

alcoholic artistic athletic demonic historic magnetic metallic

'-ist'

journalist pianist florist guitarist soloist scientist chemist cyclist

'-al'

survival rehearsal electrical usual emotional burial industrial approval magical official personal

'-ary'

secondary imaginary documentary summary stationary dispensary

Year 4 Term 3

i. Word contractions

we are > we're

you're I'm we're they're

he has, he is > he's

she's he's it's there's where's

we will, we shall > we'll

they'll she'll it'll I'll we'll

I have > I've

I've we've could've should've might've must've

you had, you would > you'd

he'd I'd she'd they'd you'd

do not > don't

shan't won't isn't wasn't haven't couldn't didn't can't don't

ii. Prefixes and meaning

'de-' undo

dethrone defrost decode decamp deforested

'pre-' before

preschool prehistoric prepacked precooked prefix

'un-' as undoing actions

undo untwist unwrap unload uncover unearth

'anti-' against

anticlimax anticlockwise antidote antifreeze antiseptic

'mis-' not, do wrongly

mishap mislead misprint mistimed misspell mistreat misunderstood misuse

'ex-' outside, out of

exit extract excavate except export excursion excluding

're-' again

replace review renew rehouse replay

ii. Latin (+ Greek) prefixes

'auto-' self

autograph automatic autopilot automobile

'tele-' far

television telegram telepathy telescope telephone

'trans-' across

transfer transatlantic transform translate transmit transparent transport

'circ- round, around

circular circle circumstance circus circumference circulate

'bi-' two, twice

bicycle binary binoculars biscuit

ii. Affixes for diminutives

'micro-' little

microphone microscope microwave

'-ette' diminutive

cassette courgette maisonette marionette serviette cigarette

'-let' diminutive

booklet droplet leaflet piglet ringlet starlet

'-ling' diminutive

gosling nestling seedling underling yearling

'-ule' diminutive

capsule globule granule minuscule module molecule

'mini-' diminutive

minibus minimum

ii. Prefixes for numbers

'uni-' one

unique unit unicorn uniform

'bi-', 'bin-' twice

bicycle binary binoculars biscuit

'tri-' three

tricycle trio tripod triple

'quad-' four

quadrant quadruplet quadrilateral

'cent-' hundred

centurion centipede century

'pent-' five

pentagon pentathlon

'oct-' eight

octopus octagon October

'hex-' 'hept-' 'sept-' six, seven

September heptagon hexagon

'dec-' ten

decimal decagon decathlon December

ii. Further Latin prefixes

'aqua-' water

aquamarine aqualung aquarium

'audi-' hear

audible audition audio-visual audience

'multi-' many

multiply multiple multipurpose multitude

'prim-' first

primitive primary prime primate

Year 5 Term 1

i. Unstressed letters

unstressed vowel

carpet extra poisonous freedom company description portable interesting

unstressed or silent consonants

hour government scent engulf February calf castle Wednesday sign handbag

ii. Spoken in different ways

sounds of 'ough'

bough cough dough enough rough thorough thought through tough

sounds of 'ou'

wounded shouted should ground couple double route adventurous

sounds of 'our'

four fourteen behaviour colour hour journey encourage courtship

sounds of 'ea'

idea cleaner already ocean bread beautiful beach area reality theatre

sounds of 'ear'

hear bear fear earth learn wear spear

sounds of 'oo'

wooden shampoo childhood foolish cooperate door floor balloon

sounds of 'ight'

light height weight straight fight eight freight night right

sounds of 'ie'

pie friend field cries chief thief tries lie

ii. Spelled differently but same sound

'-sion'

tension confusion fusion precision profusion revision

'-ssion'

expression impression possession mission compression confession discussion

'-cian'

beautician electrician magician musician optician politician

'-tion'

education connection fraction addition fiction proportion nation

Year 5 Term 2

i. Rules for 'c' followed by a vowel

'ci' sounds as /sh/

sufficient social special precious official crucial efficient artificial conscious conscience

'ci' sounds as /s/

pencil council cinema circle circus city civil citizen acid decide fanciful

words containing 'ce'

recent decent century cell ceiling December deceive parcel receive uncertain

words containing 'cy'

piracy accuracy mercy fancy cyclist bicycle

words containing 'ca'

carpet delicate vocal forecast candle local musical careless camera

words containing 'co'

second record coat coffee cough cobweb barcode

ii. Prefixes meaning 'not'

'im-' as negative

impatient impolite immortal immature imperfect impossible

'in-' as negative

incredible invalid inhuman insincere inactive indignity

'il-' as negative

illogical illicit illegible illegal

'ir-' as negative

irrelevant irregular irrational irreversible irresponsible irresistible irreplaceable

'anti-' as negative

anticlimax anticlockwise antifreeze antiseptic antidote antibiotic

'non-' as negative

nonplussed nondescript nonconformist nonentity non-fiction

Year 5 Term 3

i. Vowel suffixes

'-able' reason > reasonable

reasonable breakable drinkable enjoyable bookable acceptable

'-ing' dig > digging

swimming rubbing digging getting hopping

'-ing' write > writing

hoping moving caring coming writing

'-ish' fool > foolish

babyish darkish fiendish foolish greenish outlandish smallish

'-ing' with eye, -ie, -o, -oe

echoing eyeing hoeing lying shoeing tying vetoing radioing

'-ed' grab > grabbed

grabbed hopped sunned slammed nodded knitted

'-ed' amuse > amused

dated dared amused droned hoped moved

'-ed' cry > cried

cried dried hurried worried fried married buried

hot > hotter > hottest

hottest bigger redder reddest biggest hotter

large > larger > largest

latest simpler larger whiter largest whitest simplest fiercest fiercer later

happy > happier > happiest

funniest happier healthier healthiest easiest funnier happiest easier

'-ing', '-ly' carry >carrying

carrying crying gratifying shyly tidying

'-ous' joined with a vowel

continuous outrageous courageous superfluous ambiguous various mysterious furious

i. Consonant suffixes

'-ly' brave > bravely

suddenly silently slowly quietly loudly lonely bravely

'-ly' happy > happily

noisily hungrily happily busily angrily bodily easily

'-ful' spoon > spoonful

armful bucketful cupful mouthful spoonful

'-less' care > careless

aimless airless breathless careless countless effortless pointless

'-ness' sad > sadness

carelessness eagerness sickness darkness fitness sadness goodness kindness

'-ful' faith > faithful

colourful truthful useful powerful harmful faithful careful peaceful

'-ly' queen > queenly

beastly cowardly friendly motherly queenly

'-ment' measure > measurement

treatment measurement payment advertisement movement development engagement

'-ly' bad > badly

badly quickly wrongly suddenly slowly silently quietly

'-ful' beauty > beautiful

merciful fanciful beautiful

'-ness' busy > business

business happiness bossiness juiciness readiness

ii. Latin roots

'-aqua-' water

subaqua aquarium aqualung aquamarine aqueduct

'-port-' carry

report support transport import export portable

'-miss-' send

omission permission admission transmission commission missile missionary

'-ann-' year

anniversary annuity biennial perennial annual

'-cav-' hollow

concave cave cavity excavate

'-duc-' lead

introduce deduct ductile education aqueduct conductor duke product

'-fort-' strong

effort force fortress fortify reinforce comfort

'-mort-' death

murderous mortal mortify immortal mortgage

'-pend-' hang

independent appendix depend pendant pending suspense pendulum

'-scrib-' write

scribe inscribe nondescript postscript scribble script description

'-terr-' the earth

extraterrestrial inter subterranean terrace terrain terrier

'-vis-' see

envy videos revision television survey advice invisible provide

'prim-' first

primitive primary prime primate

'mob' move

mobility automobile mobile

ii. Greek roots

'hydro-' water

hydrofoil hydrotherapy hydrogen dehydrated hydraulic

'-phil-' love

philanthropist philatelist philosopher anglophile

'-photo-' light

telephoto photocopier photogenic photon photosynthesis photograph

'-techne-' art or skill

technophobia technician pyrotechnics polytechnic technology technical technique

'-graph-' writing

autograph graphite photograph paragraph graph geography

'-logo-' word

biology illogical dialogue prologue technology

'-scope' view

stethoscope telescope periscope microscope scope

'-gram-' letter

hologram grammar programme anagram diagram

'-phon-' sound

symphony cacophony phonetics microphone telephone

'-poli-' city

politics cosmopolitan metropolis politician

'-theo-' a god

theology atheist enthusiasm

'-zoo-' animal

zoo zoology protozoan zodiac

'-ast-' star

astronomy asteroid asterisk disaster astronaut

'-chron-' time

chronic chronicle synchronous chronology anachronism

'-bio-' life

amphibious antibiotic biosphere biography biology

Year 6 Term 1

i. Homophones

long phoneme /ai/

rain reign wait weigh way weight great grate rein

long phoneme /air/

bare stare stair their there pear pair bear

long phoneme /ee/

flea flee meat meet reed peace piece read

long phoneme /oa/

loan lone sew rowed road so

spellings of /ole/

whole hold hole bold soul sole holed bowled

long phoneme /or/

board bored saw four for sore

phoneme /n/

knew knight knot night new not no know

phoneme /r/

rap right ring write wrap wring

other homophones

aloud whether weather lesson dear deer lessen allowed

phoneme /s/

licence license practise cereal serial practice

consonant phonemes

right no one new knew hole wear where whole write know won

3-way homophones

they're too two there their to

i. Words often misspelled

are letters doubled? 1

referred reference omission omitted occurrence occurred

are letters doubled? 2

prefer preferred preference transferred transferable transfer

awkward words 1

water vehicle yacht women woman quarter people medicine leisure journey

awkward words 2

lovely interesting opposite beautiful desperate especially exaggerate embarrassed suppose separate

confusing homophones 1

check current canvas canvass cheque currant

confusing homophones 2

formally formerly licence license principal principle practise stationary practice stationery

words often confused 1

advice advise wander were where except quite accept loose lose quiet wonder

words often confused 2

affect decease emigrant eligible eminent imminent human disease effect immigrant illegible humane

i. Syllables and spelling

compound words

birthday windmill dustbin handbag lipstick milkman notebook sunset

split like kit-ten

hidden kitten cotton lesson paddock puffin rabbit sudden

split like bas-ket

zebra napkin pumpkin plastic basket trumpet panda picnic

split like lem-on

robin lemon metal habit finish body shadow visit

split like la-bel

label hotel minus silent stupid moment pilot pupil secret

split like du-et

lion poem diet duet triumph

i. Patterns in word endings

'-il' as in daffodil

stencil utensil civil council daffodil fossil pencil lentil

'-ery' as in jewellery

machinery jewellery stationery confectionery embroidery finery lottery

'-ar' as in cellar

sugar vinegar mortar collar cellar

'-ey' as in donkey

chimney money monkey journey honey valley turkey donkey

'-le' as in cradle

table noble ladle maple cable sidle cradle

'-le' as in ankle

candle ankle handle grumble nimble bundle simple single

'-le' as in apple

gobble cuddle dribble apple middle battle bottle bubble

'-el' as in angel

angel model level label kennel parcel quarrel travel

ii. Connectives

narrative connectives

until before later finally meanwhile

connectives to explain, contrast

moreover besides however however furthermore because although instead

compound word connectives

furthermore notwithstanding however nevertheless moreover meanwhile

Year 6 Term 2

i. Unstressed vowels

unstressed vowel

carpet extra poisonous freedom company description portable interesting

ii. Prefixes for negation

'de-' undo

dethrone defrost decode decamp deforested

'dis-' as negative

disconnect distrust disease dislike disagree disappear disorder

'non-' not

nonconformist nondescript nonentity nonplussed

'anti-' against

anticlimax anticlockwise antidote antifreeze antiseptic

'il-' as negative

illogical illicit illegible illegal

'ir-' as negative

irrelevant irregular irrational irreversible irresponsible irresistible irreplaceable

'un-' as negative

undo unwrap unload unknown unwell uncertain unearth uncover unfair unsafe unwanted

ii. Word to noun suffixes

'-ance'

allowance attendance clearance disturbance performance appearance

'-ment' measure > measurement

treatment measurement payment advertisement movement development engagement

'-age'

blockage coverage leakage passage postage wastage

'-ant'

servant attendant descendant inhabitant immigrant assistant informant

'-er'

builder teacher worker cleaner farmer painter speaker

'-or'

sailor actor editor narrator sculptor visitor director

'-ism'

criticism mechanism hypnotism terrorism vandalism idealism realism

'-tion'

election pollution invention information collection description decoration variation reflection explanation exploration

'-ness'

readiness bossiness happiness freshness fitness business goodness kindness eagerness sickness

'-ity'

mobility activity agility generosity ability flexibility reality

'-ist'

journalist pianist florist guitarist soloist scientist chemist cyclist

ii. Noun to verb suffixes

'-ise'

fossilise idolise itemise legalise patronise

'-ify'

mummify notify signify solidify glorify beautify

'-en'

lengthen strengthen

'-ate'

vaccinate activate motivate circulate

ii. Suffixes for tenses

'-ing' dig > digging

swimming rubbing digging getting hopping

'-ing' write > writing

hoping moving caring coming writing

'-ing' grin > grinning

referring travelling grinning beginning stirring planning dialling winning

'-ing' carpet > carpeting

carpeting happening limiting targeting visiting

'-ing' with eye, -ie, -o, -oe

echoing eyeing hoeing lying shoeing tying vetoing radioing

'-ed' grab > grabbed

grabbed hopped sunned slammed nodded knitted

'-ed' amuse > amused

dated dared amused droned hoped moved

'-ed' cry > cried

cried dried hurried worried fried married buried

'-ed' video > videoed

echoed radioed vetoed videoed

'-ing' carry > carrying

carrying frying drying tidying gratifying crying

present tense '-es'

tries goes does hurries worries carries cries

ii. Comparatives

high > higher

longer higher older deeper younger smaller taller

high > highest

tallest oldest deepest fastest highest longest smallest youngest

'-ish' fool > foolish

babyish darkish fiendish foolish greenish outlandish smallish

'-like' war > warlike

businesslike childlike ghostlike lifelike sportsmanlike warlike

Year 6 Term 3

i. Spelling patterns

'tch'

hutch match kitchen scratch pitch catch witch stretch switch

'kn'

knock knot knee kneel knew knife knight knit knob

'wr'

wrap wreck wren wrench wring wrist write wrong

'mb'

tomb thumb lamb limb numb comb climb crumb

'gn'

design gnome gnash gnat reign sign gnarled

'gue'

intrigue league plague rogue catalogue tongue vague

'rh'

rhythm rhyme rhea rhetorical rhino rhubarb rhombus

'ctu'

punctuate punctuation picture actually nocturnal manufacture structure

ii. Approaching roots

'super-' over

superfluous superimposed superlative supernatural supersede supersonic superstitious supervisor

'micro-' little

microphone microscope microwave

'quad-' four

quadrant quadruplet quadrilateral

'bi-' two, twice

bicycle binary binoculars biscuit

'-spec-' see

perspective prospect suspect respect

'-tract-' pull

tractor subtraction subtract extract attractive

ii. Investigate roots

'aero-' air

aeroplane aerobatics aerobics aerodrome aerodynamic

'con-' together

concern concert condemn connect conquer contain continue confront

'pre-' before

presume pretend prevent preserve preside prefer predict

'ex-' outside, out of

exit extract excavate except export excursion excluding

'audi-' hear

audible audition audio-visual audience

'-phobia' fear

hydrophobic technophobia

'-ology' study

zoology theology chronology technology biology mythology meteorology

'-port-' carry

export portable transport import report support

'-struct-' build

instruct obstruct structure construction infrastructure instructions destruction

ii. Practise roots

'man-' hand

management manufacture manipulate manuscript manicure

'min-' small

minimises minim minimum minibus

'mari-' sea

ultramarine submarine aquamarine

'-multi-' many

multitude multiplication multipurpose multimedia multiply multiple

'-aqua-' water

aquarium aquamarine aqualung

ii. Further roots

'-photo-' light

telephoto photocopier photogenic photon photosynthesis photograph

'sub-' under

subdue suburbs subject submarine submerged subside subtract

'-scrib-' write

scribe inscribe nondescript postscript scribble script description

'-cede-' yield

precede precedent concede recede

'-clude-' close

exclude conclude secluded include

'-cred-' believe

incredible credible credit discredit

'-vis-' sight

visual visible improvise revise invisible advise supervisor television visit

KS1 high frequency words

Early words

people words 1

we she he me

being words

is are am can was

doing words 1

went go get like said

where words

on in at up to

names

cat dog dad day mum

other words 1

it and the of

people words 2

they you all my

doing words 2

play look come going see

other words 2

yes this away big for no

'People' words

people words

our him her their them your us

'Being and doing' words

being words 1

were will have has had been be

doing words 1

came do did got made want saw live

being words 2

can't don't may would should must could

doing words 2

ran put make look lived called seen take

doing words 3

laugh help love jump push pull dig

'When and where' words

when words 1

first last then next once

where words 1

there with here down by

where words 2

about from off out over

when words 2

now just again after

Nouns (names of things)

nouns 1

ball home house name school tree

nouns 2

way water night bed door time

Words before nouns

words before nouns 1

an one two these that three some

words before nouns 2

old good little more another many

Other lists

joining-up words

than if or because as but so

other frequent words

back not much too very

question words

how who what when where

Numbers, days, months, colours

numbers 1 to 10

four five eight one nine seven six three ten two

days of the week

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Sunday Saturday Monday Friday

months

February December April August May March July June January November October September

numbers 11 to 20

twenty fourteen eleven twelve thirteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen

colour words

white purple black blue brown red green yellow

Alphabetical lists

about to as

as after again about an another

back to boy

ball back be boy because bed been

brother to could

brother but call by came could called can't

did to first

don't door do down dig did first

from to has

from girl good got had half has

have to home

have her his him here home help

house to laugh

laugh house how if jump just last

little to many

man make made little love many live lived

may to next

next May more much must name new

night to one

night not now old off one once

or to pull

or over out our people pull push

put to sister

ran put school should saw seen sister

so to their

take than so some that their

them to time

them then there these three time

too to very

too very two us tree took

want to when

water way want when what were

where to your

where who will your with would

Yr R alphabetical

all to are

are all am and

at to can

away at big can

cat to dog

cat come dog dad day

for to he

he go get for going

in to look

in is it look like

me to of

me no my mum of

on to she

see on play said she

the to up

this to they the up

was to you

went was we you yes

KS2 medium frequency

Verbs

some useful verbs 1

write walk show told might coming walking does being began

some useful verbs 2

tries leave found change heard watch

verbs, adding '-ed'

jumped asked opened turned started used walked stopped

verbs, past and present

goes woken know gone brought knew woke thought think

verbs, contractions

didn't I'm can't don't

Nouns

some nouns 1

birthday balloon children clothes world work word head brother baby garden

some nouns 2

father earth lady money paper mother window sister eyes friends

Time words

time words 1

always suddenly before before during never often sometimes

time words 2

year while today first morning still second until

Whereabouts words

whereabouts words 1

around above across along between below high inside

whereabouts words 2

round where together through under outside near

Other useful words

useful words

almost young half only much better every any upon number

more useful words

without both following place such also right other different

further useful words

great something those swimming sure happy heard

yet more useful words

whole why small sound important light own white

Alphabetical lists

A

any animals also always almost across above along around asked

B

baby better between below before brother brought both balloon birthday being began

C to D

does children clothes during change didn't don't can't coming different

E to F

earth first father found every following friends eyes follow

G to H

great goes gone garden happy half head heard high

I to L

important inside lady knew jumped know I'm light leave

M to N

never number near morning mother money might much

O to R

only other paper right round outside place often own opened

S

started sister something sometimes stopped small sound second show sure swimming suddenly such

T

those thought through together told think turn today tries turned

U to white

walking used walked white while under upon until where watch walk

whole to Z

whole why window young word world woke write without year woken

KS3 subject lists

Art

forms of art

portrait landscape frieze sketch abstract perspective

tools and materials

colour kiln palette acrylic charcoal easel

talking about art

display gallery collection dimension spectrum exhibition

technique

foreground collage highlight illusion impasto crosshatch pastel

Design + Technology

food

nutrition hygiene recipe vitamin carbohydrate protein natural knives flour knife ingredient

textiles

tension polyester fibre fabric linen textile sew

designing

specification aesthetic flowchart innovation portfolio brief design technology

making

technology manufacture evaluation machine disassemble mineral presentation production component

Drama

the show

applause curtain entrance perform theatrical exit theatre freeze performance

presenting

character stage rehearse movement share characteristics position spotlight director rehearsal lighting

creating

dramatise scenario improvise script inspire playwright scene

English

the writer's craft

rhyme synonym alliteration imagery simile personification onomatopoeia metaphor figurative

structure of words

vowel suffix consonant plural prefix

grammar/punctuation

grammar paragraph exclamation subordinate comma preposition conjunction clause apostrophe

genres

narrative myth advertise tabloid genre advertisement narrator

talking about text

playwright expression resolution dialogue scene comparison chorus soliloquy atmosphere

Geography

maps

contour county globe atlas country latitude longitude

people

employment tourist amenity tourism infrastructure nation poverty habitat national wealth provision

places

international desert region rural urban abroad regional estuary settlement authority location

general terms

pollution climate erosion situation transportation transport physical landscape function weather

History

social

civilisation emigration disease citizen immigrant

economic

agriculture economy economic economical trade agricultural

religious

religious cathedral priest Protestant

government

government reign parliament politics republic colony political independence colonisation dynasty constitutional imperialism imperial

terms (general)

bias propaganda source document chronological contradiction motive contradict current chronology

conflict/warfare

castle invasion revolution defence conflict rebel revolt siege traitor rebellion

ICT

handling information

data cursor justify byte document binary database delete megabyte

equipment

computer monitor hardware module cartridge CD-ROM disk processor scanner electronic memory modem

interface

icon interface input interactive output password preview sensor multimedia keyboard

network

connection server internet network connect cable

software

graphic virus software spreadsheet program

Library

book types

anthology encyclopaedia non-fiction series genre romance fantasy magazine thesaurus novel dictionary

people

author editor librarian publisher

ordering/classification

classification irrelevance relevance system alphabetical relevant irrelevant alphabet catalogue

inside books

article index extract content copyright section glossary

Mathematics

operations

estimate approximately calculate divide multiply guess subtraction division multiplication addition average

arithmetic terms

fraction positive percentage negative recurring denominator numerator ratio decimal minus digit

triangles & angles

alternate vertical equilateral isosceles perpendicular vertex corresponding vertices degree angle adjacent

shapes

diameter square parallelogram radius perimeter triangular rhombus quadrilateral triangle circumference

measuring

kilometre centimetre kilogram litre metre tonne amount volume measure weight

geometry

regular irregular rotation reflection horizontal axis axes reflect rotate symmetrical parallel symmetry

algebra and graphs

graph co-ordinate equation

Music

performing

instrument orchestral synchronise timbre syncopation tempo orchestra percussion conductor choir musician

composing

rhythm melody harmony dynamics instrumental ostinato pitch lyric ternary triad vocal composition score octave

reading music

interval minor quaver semibreve crotchet major minim chromatic chord

PE

competition

relay athlete qualify squad tactic tournament field pitch league athletic

parts of body

injury medicine mobile biceps hamstring mobility quadriceps triceps muscle

exercise

activity agility gymnastic exercise personal active gym agile

PSHE

personal

discussion approval prefer preference pressure encourage reality approve control discipline encouragement gender involve involvement reward

relationship

represent representative dependent communication relationship

problem areas

addict addiction dependency racism racist sanction sexism sexist stereotype

qualities

achieve achievement emotion emotional generous generosity effort able ability

RE

religious

creation Hinduism Buddhist Christian Hindu Israel Jewish Muslim Sikh Islam Sikhism Judaism Buddhism

ceremony

funeral baptism burial celebrate celebration festival wedding ceremony marriage

practice

religion prayer Bible commitment hymn pilgrim pray shrine spiritual religious mosque temple synagogue pilgrimage disciple

symbols and signs

miracle prophet spirit sign special symbol

morality

parable prejudice biblical commandment immoral immorality moral morality

Science

experimental

hazard chemical method vessel temperature laboratory apparatus thermometer

other processes

pressure evaporation exchange condensation friction combustion freeze

material

liquid alkaline element particles oxygen acid solution frequency

life

insect organism mammal vertebrate amphibian predator

life processes

digestion reproduce respire circulate growth digest cycle function nutrient respiration circulation

KS3 words + helpful spellings

acco- To audi-

word list

audible alcohol analysis atmosphere analyse audience assessment actually although accommodation argument

practise actually

actually normally officially originally usually

practise assessment

assessment embarrass possession parallel necessary interrupt

practise although

already almost always also although

practise audible

responsible incredible sensible audible visible reversible digestible collapsible accessible

practise audience

patience audience obedience conscience convenience

autu- to choc-

word list

caught business beautiful beneath believe autumn beginning buried chocolate

practise chocolate

chocolate definite deliberate desperate interesting separate poisonous

practise caught

taught naughty daughter caught

practise autumn

condemn solemn hymn column autumn

practise beneath

beneath below behind between beside beyond because before

practise beginning

grinning referring travelling beginning stirring dialling winning planning

practise buried

buried dried hurried cried worried fried married

clim- to daug-

word list

daughter conclusion conscience conscious climb concentration continuous creation consequence column

practise climb

climb comb crumb limb numb tomb thumb

practise concentration

relegation illustration demonstration education relation dictation isolation concentration

practise conclusion

collision persuasion invasion decision division explosion conclusion

practise consequence

evidence difference reference silence presence consequence sequence

deci- to emba-

word list

diamond decide embarrass disappoint development definite diary design disappear decision

practise diary

diary biology violin diamond creation reaction

practise disappoint

disappoint disloyal disorder disprove disappear disease dislike

practise decision

decision acid city cigarette cinder cinema pencil decide society

practise design

gnarled reign design gnome gnat gnash sign

practise development

treatment payment measurement advertisement movement engagement development

ener- to fort-

word list

environment evaluation engagement enquire fierce explanation forty evidence energy February

practise fierce

fierce pierced pier cashier

practise energy

strategy energy gym stingy

practise evaluation

demonstration completion relegation illustration promotion relation pollution evaluation

practise enquire

enquire enable encircle engulf enforce enrich encourage enlarge

fulf- to indu-

word list

guard health imaginary fulfil happened height industrial improvise furthermore

practise height

height neigh neighbour eighty weigh weight sleigh

practise happened

happened listened loosened fastened frightened ripened opened

practise health

sweat wealth deaf dead bread breath head health instead

practise industrial

material memorial radial aerial terrestrial industrial

practise imaginary

secondary imaginary dictionary necessary ordinary library voluntary temporary

practise guard

guess guide guest guard guarantee guitar guilty disguise biscuit build

inte- to mean-

word list

interesting material marriage lovely lonely interrupt jealous knowledge meanwhile issue

practise issue

rescue overdue tissue avenue argue barbecue value continue

practise jealous

already breakfast treasure deadly jealous measure

practise lonely

surely extremely rudely safely closely bravely lonely lovely

misc- to part-

word list

original parallel necessary miscellaneous mischief moreover modern murmur participation nervous

practise miscellaneous

spontaneous instantaneous miscellaneous simultaneous

practise mischief

mischief diesel relief belief

practise modern

concern eastern modern lantern cavern pattern

practise nervous

continuous famous nervous carnivorous

practise murmur

murmur turnip church burst curly hurt

practise original

magic rigid original origin giant ginger gin

patt- to poss-

word list

people performance possession permanent persuade pattern physical persuasion peaceful

practise persuade

persuasion persuasive persuade suede

practise people

example multiple purple people couple

practise physical '-y'

gym sympathy myth mystery typical physical system

practise physical '-ical'

physical political electrical typical medical magical chemical musical

practise peaceful

powerful harmful faithful careful useful truthful colourful peaceful

practise performance

allowance disturbance clearance attendance appearance performance

pote- to rece-

word list

receive preparation prioritise proposition reaction potential process questionnaire queue proportion

practise potential

potential residential initial essential

practise process

process announcer deception recent decent licence

practise proposition

opposition imposition proposition position

refe- to sequ-

word list

sequence remember resources safety research secondary reference relief Saturday separate

practise resources

your fourteen pouring courtroom downpour resources tourist

practise relief

rehearse remove relief request referee record recollect rearrange

practise research

search research pearl heard learn learning early

shou- to sure-

word list

sincerely stomach straight strength shoulder surely success skilful strategy soldier

practise shoulder

boulder mouldy poultry shoulder

practise sincerely

Madam truly signature Dear Yours sincerely faithfully

practise surely

leisure pleasure exposure surely measure treasure

practise stomach

school scheme echo anchor ache chemist Christmas stomach

surp- to wome-

word list

technology survey women Wednesday weight surprise unfortunately weird tomorrow texture technique

practise surprise '-ise'

televise surprise revise exercise clockwise

practise surprise 'sur-'

surgery survey surface surfer survivor surprise

practise survey

grey prey survey

practise technique

antique technique unique

practise texture

texture capture nature mixture adventure departure moisture

practise weird

their weird heir

practise technology

technique technology technical polytechnic pyrotechnics technophobia technician

Homophones and confusions

homophones 1

through threw two too sauce sights sites source

confusions 1

choose chose too affect advise advice to brought bought effect

confusions 2

are conscious conscience quite our quiet

homophones 2

practise allowed breaking coarse course braking practice aloud

KS3 some spelling practice

Spelling: vowel choices

mixed /ai/ phoneme

great play paint flame baby cake snail spray tray train

mixed /igh/ phoneme

kind pie blind crime slide thigh tight try wild

mixed /oa/ phoneme

roll coach told throw stone stroke float coast coal grow hope

mixed /oo/ (food) phoneme

true tooth threw smooth crude blue brute grew

mixed /oy/ phoneme

royal poison loyal joint employ annoy boil toilet soil

mixed /ow/ (cow) phoneme

sound cloud crowd ground growl prowl now mouth

mixed /air/ phoneme

where wear there share stairs fairy chair bear scare

mixed /or/ phoneme

sport small snore chalk door draw fourteen launch board

mixed /er/ phoneme

earth girl burst burn perfect herb search shirt

mixed /oo/ (good) phoneme

push hood hook full cook bush bull wooden

Spelling: making plurals

'-s' cry > cries

carries dries hurries worries cries

baby > babies

cities daisies families ponies stories babies pennies puppies

monkey > monkeys

boys guys keys monkeys toys trays ways

half > halves

shelves thieves wolves wives loaves halves knives

roof > roofs

beliefs chiefs chefs cliffs roofs

kiss > kisses

matches kisses boxes coaches brushes

hero > heroes

cargoes dominoes echoes heroes potatoes tomatoes volcanoes

kilo > kilos

kilos photos pianos radios solos videos

Spelling: contractions

I have > I've

I've we've could've should've might've must've

you had, you would > you'd

he'd I'd she'd they'd you'd

do not > don't

shan't won't isn't wasn't haven't couldn't didn't can't don't

contractions

I'm shan't shouldn't o'clock they're they'd they've it's

Spelling: prefixes

'a-'

aside asleep awake aloud around alike along across

'be-'

because before beyond between beside beneath below behind

'dis-' as negative

disconnect distrust disease dislike disagree disappear disorder

'fore-'

forecast forefinger foreground foresee forewarn forehead foreman forecourt

'pre-' before

preschool prehistoric prepacked precooked prefix

're-' do again

renew rehouse replay review replace

'un-' as an opposite

uncertain uncertain unfair unfair unfriendly unfriendly unwell untrue unwell unknown unknown untidy untidy untrue unsafe unsafe

'ex-' out of

excluding export excursion excavate except exit extract

'for-'

forbidden forgive forget forsake

'im-' without

imbalance impede immune immaculate immediate immense

'per-' through

perspire permanent perforation performance perfume permit persuade persuasion

'co-' together

coerce coexist cooperate

Spelling: suffixes

'-ful' spoon > spoonful

armful bucketful cupful mouthful spoonful

'-less' care > careless

aimless airless breathless careless countless effortless pointless

'-ness' sad > sadness

carelessness eagerness sickness darkness fitness sadness goodness kindness

'-tion' collect > collection

connection election exhibition suggestion invention collection

'-tion' illustrate > illustration

pollution relation completion demonstration illustration promotion relegation evaluation

'-ence'

reference evidence difference presence silence consequence sequence

'-ent'

excellent urgent persistent different independent absorbent

'-ible'

sensible incredible responsible accessible collapsible digestible reversible visible

'-ous' danger >dangerous

dangerous thunderous bulbous poisonous murderous

hot > hotter > hottest

hottest bigger redder reddest biggest hotter

large > larger > largest

latest simpler larger whiter largest whitest simplest fiercest fiercer later

happy > happier > happiest

funniest happier healthier healthiest easiest funnier happiest easier

Spelling: suffixes for tenses

'-ing' grin > grinning

referring travelling grinning beginning stirring planning dialling winning

'-ing' carpet > carpeting

carpeting happening limiting targeting visiting

'-ing' with eye, -ie, -o, -oe

echoing eyeing hoeing lying shoeing tying vetoing radioing

'-ed' grab > grabbed

grabbed hopped sunned slammed nodded knitted

'-ed' amuse > amused

dated dared amused droned hoped moved

'-ed' cry > cried

cried dried hurried worried fried married buried

'-ed' video > videoed

echoed radioed vetoed videoed

Main Word Lists
DfE National Curriculum 2014 Lists
Phonics - Letters & Sounds Word Lists